foot even to the head there is nothing sound in it, only bruises, welts and raw wounds, not pressed out or bandaged, nor softened with oil” (Isa 1:5–6; see again Jer 17:9; see Rom 3:13–18). Sinners are spiritually corrupt, spiritually weak, spiritually depraved. We should not hesitate to use the word “depraved,” as long as we distinguish this from total depravity. Here it is the “total” that is false doctrine, not the depravity itself. Here is where the concept of death comes in. The NT makes it